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Salamander of Leith
The ''Salamander'' was a warship of the 16th-century Royal Scots Navy. She was a wedding present from Francis I of France to James V of Scotland.
==Flagship of Scotland==
Henry Ray saw James V and Madeleine of Valois arrive at Leith on 19 May 1537, noting four great Scottish ships and ten French.〔''State Papers Henry VIII'', vol. 5 part 4 cont., (1836), 79, Clifford to Henry VIII.〕 Two French ships remained in Scotland as wedding presents; the ''Salamander'' and the ''Morischer'', ''Moriset'' or ''Great Unicorn''.〔Lindsay of Pitscottie, Robert, ''Chronicles of Scotland'', vol. 2, Edinburgh (1814), 372.〕 A list of French wedding gifts includes these two as 'great ships for the wars', with two further 'gallant ships of war.'〔Guthrie, William, ''History of Scotland,'' vol. 5 (1767), 166 citing a list in Balfour's annals, (later published)〕 The ship was repaired or finished in France in March 1537, and James V gave gifts to workmen who set up a new mast at Honfleur.〔''Accounts of the Lord High Treasurer of Scotland'', vol. 6, (1905), 463.〕
After a major refit by John Barton, the ''Salamander'' returned to France in May 1538 to pick up the new queen, Mary of Guise, accompanied by the ''Moriset'', and ''Mary Willoughby''.〔''Accounts of the Lord High Treasurer of Scotland'', vol.7 (1907), 182-184: Thomas, Andrea, ''Princelie Majestie'', John Donald (2005), 158-159.〕 The ''Salamander'' became the king's flagship. In 1538 it was equipped with a new compass and four clocks.〔''Accounts of the Lord High Treasurer of Scotland'', vol. 8, 159.〕 The ''Great Lion'' and the ''Salamander'' were fitted with 15 large wheeled guns and 10 smaller wheeled guns in May 1540. The 22 crossbows of the ''Salamander'' and 9 small hagbut guns used on the tops were inspected and repaired, and two and half fothers of lead bought for ballast.〔''Accounts of the High Treasurer of Scotland'', vol. 7 (1907), 353, 356, 421〕 Next month, James V embarked on the newly equipped ''Salamander'' at Leith, after first making his will on 12 June,〔Historical Manuscripts Commission, ''Earl of Mar & Kellie at Alloa House'', (1904), 15.〕 and accompanied by the ''Mary Willoughby'', the ''Great Unicorn'', the ''Little Unicorn'', the ''Lion'' and twelve other ships sailed to Kirkwall on Orkney. Then he went to Lewis on the West. James's fleet in the West was provisioned from Dumbarton, Ayr and Irvine and returned to Edinburgh by 6 July.〔Cameron, Jamie, ''James V'', Tuckwell (1998), 245-248.〕 John Barton sailed to Dieppe with the ''Great Lion'' and ''Salamander'' in June 1541, and had their 27 guns cleaned and the latter ship re-rigged.〔''Accounts of the Lord High Treasurer of Scotland'', vol. 7 (1903), 465.〕
During 1542, the ''Mary Willoughby'', the ''Lion'', and the ''Salamander'' attacked merchants and fishermen off Whitby under the command of John Barton, son of Robert Barton, the 'Skipper from Leith'.〔Merriman, Marcus, ''The Rough Wooings'', Tuckwell (2000), 181, citing ''Letters & Papers, Henry VIII'', vol. 18: See also, William Stanford Reid, ''Skipper from Leith'', University of Pennsylvania (1962)〕 In December 1542, the ''Mary Willoughby'', the ''Salamander'' and the ''Lion'' blockaded a London merchant ship called the ''Antony of Bruges'' in a creek on the coast of Brittany near 'Poldavy Haven.'〔''Letters & Papers, Henry VIII'', vol.18 part 1 (1901), no.91.〕
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